Chemicals, plastics and life sciences companies (pharmaceuticals and biotech) are present in all Flemish provinces. The port of Antwerp accommodates the largest integrated chemical cluster in Europe and one of the largest in the world. Twelve of the fifteen largest chemical companies in the world have a production site there. Other chemical companies are mainly located in the Ghent canal zone and along the Albert Canal.
The provinces of West Flanders and Limburg have a strong concentration of plastics processing companies. In addition to a large number of SMEs, an important number of international headquarters and R&D centres are located in Brussels and Flemish Brabant. The pharmaceutical sector is particularly strongly represented in the province of Antwerp, both in the Kempen and in the Puurs region, while the biotech is concentrated in the Ghent, Leuven and Mechelen triangle.